CENTURY MILL LUMBER
LUMBER RESOURCES
What are the Different Grades of Hardwood?
Grading designation depends on the number of defects in a given length and width of hardwood boards. As with softwoods, a lower grade can be perfectly acceptable, depending on placement and usage. Hardwoods are graded by the National Hardwood Lumber Association. Here’s a chart to help explain the grading system. Grades are listed from highest to lowest.
| Grade Name | Abbreviation | Minimum Board Size | % Usable Material on One Face |
|---|---|---|---|
| First and Seconds | FAS | 6 inch x 8 feet | 83 |
| Select | Sel | 4 inch x 6 feet | 83 |
| #1 Common | #1 Com | 3 inch x 4 feet | 66 |
| #2 Common | #2 Com | 3 inch x 4 feet | 50 |
What are the Different Grades of Softwood?
Grading designation depends on the number of defects in a given length and width of hardwood boards. As with softwoods, a lower grade can be perfectly acceptable, depending on placement and usage. Hardwoods are graded by the National Hardwood Lumber Association. Here’s a chart to help explain the grading system. Grades are listed from highest to lowest.
What Does Grade of Wood Mean?
C Select
Almost completely clear of defects. Widely used for interior trim and cabinets.
D Select
Fine appearance, similar to C Select. May have dime-sized knots.
1 Common
Best material for high-quality pine with a knotty look. Knots will be tight, meaning they won’t fall out and are generally small.
2 Common
Tight knots, but larger than found in 1 Common. Often used for panelling and shelving. Very suitable for general woodworking projects.
3 Common
Knots larger than 2 Common. Also used for panelling and shelving, but especially well-suited for fences, boxes, and crates.
What Does Grade of Wood Mean?
Board footage formula
T” x W” x L” / 144
Example * 6 Bd. ft = 2 x 6 x 72 / 144
Waste Factor
You will nearly always incur a minimum waste of 35% in top grades. Few species are less, several are more. We can guide you in this matter at the time of your order. To avoid unnecessary waste, state the quantity and finished sizes of the pieces that you wish to make.